Pokhara University
Faculty of Science and Technology
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Full marks: 100 |
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Course title: Engineering
Geology (3-0-2) |
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Pass marks: 45 |
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Nature of the course: Theory, Practical
& Field survey |
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Total lectures: 45 hrs |
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Level: Bachelor |
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Program: BE |
1.
Course Description
This course intends to enable the students to
be acquainted with the basic concept of engineering geology and its relations
with civil engineering. Students will be familiarized with the fundamentals of
engineering geology focusing on different types of rocks, geological structures
and their importance in civil engineering structures.
2.
General Objectives
This course has been designed to provide
basic knowledge of geology to the students of civil engineering. It would be
helpful for them to understand how to identify the different types of rocks,
minerals, geological structures, geological processes and their impacts on
engineering structures. At the end of
this course the students will be able:
· To identify the
different types of rocks and their significance
· To develop skills
on geological interpretation for engineering structures and natural phenomena.
· To enhance the
knowledge on hydro-geology, engineering geology, geological setting of the
Himalaya.
3.
Methods of Instruction
Lecture,
Tutorial, Discussion, Readings and Practical works
4.
Contents in Detail
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Specific
Objectives |
Contents |
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Introduces geology and engineering geology,
different branches of geology and its scope in the field of civil engineering |
Unit
I: Introduction to Engineering
geology (3 hrs) 1.1
Definition of geology and branches of geology 1.2
Introduction of engineering geology (definition
according to IAEG) 1.3
Scope and objective of engineering geology in the
field of civil engineering 1.4
Introduction to engineering geological system(EGS) |
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Define
the internal structure of earth and the mobility of plates |
Unit
II: Structure of Earth (3 hrs)
2.1
Internal structure of the Earth 2.2
Plate tectonics and mountain building process 2.3
Origin of Himalaya |
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Know and understand rock forming mineral |
Unit
III: Mineralogy (3 hrs) 3.1 Introduction of minerals and crystal 3.2 Physical properties of minerals 3.3 Rock forming minerals and their engineering
significance |
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Enhance
to knowledge on different types of rocks and their characteristics. |
Unit
IV: Petrology (6 hrs) 4.1Petrographic
classification of rocks and rock cycle 4.2
Introduction, classification, structure, texture, uses and engineering
significance of igneous rock, sedimentary rock and metamorphic rock 4.3
Identification criteria of sedimentary, metamorphic and igneous rock in the
field. |
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Classify the main
geological features and identity the problem related to it Measure the different
types of geological data for rock mass classification. |
Unit
V: Structural geology (10 hrs) 5.1
Rock deformation and its reason 5.2
Primary and secondary structures 5.3 Introduction to rock deformation
reasons and its effect 5.4
Attitude of geological structures (Dip, Strike, Plunge, Trend) 5.5
Study of folds faults, joint and unconformity 5.6
Identification criteria of geological structures in the field 5.7
Study of rock mass (classification, Rock
Mass Rating,
NGI-Q system and geological strength index(GSI) 5.8
Introduction of bore hole and bore hole problems |
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Provide broad concept of
how the earth’s surface changes owing to numerous earth processes, slope
movement and slope collapse Identify the importance
of geological phenomena Provide basic
understanding of rock discontinuity for slope stability analysis. |
Unit VI:
Geomorphology and geological hazard
(6 hrs) 6.1
Introduction to hazard, vulnerability, risk, danger. Various landforms
produced by geological agent(running water, glacier, wind and ground water) 6.3 Study of
earth processes (Weathering, erosion, subsidence, expansive soil, mass
wasting, volcanism ,Earthquake, flood and GLOF) and the effect on development
of surfaces of the earth 6.4 Kinematic
analysis of discontinuity for slope stability analysis using stereographic
projects and Hoek-Brown failure criterion |
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Familiarize the basics
of the subsurface water problem and its engineering implications. |
Unit
VII: Hydrogeology (2 hrs) 7.1 River channel morphology 7.2 Introduction of aquifer and
ground water movement 7.3 Mechanism of spring water
engineering and significance of sub-surface water movement 7.4 Aquifer system in the
context of Nepal |
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Enhance
the knowledge on site investigation interpretating different maps for site
investigation |
Unit
VIII: Site Investigation(6 hrs) 8.1 Elements of an
investigation, types of site investigation (Direct and indirect methods) 8.2 Study of topographic,
geological and engineering geological maps, satellite imagery and SAR image 8.4 Geological investigation for
dam, reservoir, road, building, bridges and underground excavation |
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Get
familiar with the major geology of the Nepal Himalaya with their engineering
significance. |
Unit
IX: Geology of Nepal(3 hrs) 9.1
Geological subdivision of the Nepal Himalaya 9.2
Engineering geological problem of each geological division of Nepal 9.3
Major rock type, Soil type, construction material found at the different
zones of Nepal |
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Explain
the concept of reserve estimation methods. |
Unit
X: Study of Reserve Estimation of Construction material (3 hrs) 10.1
Types of reserves 10.2
Introduction to methods of estimation of reserve 10.3
Role of different types of maps for construction material survey |
Note: The figures in the parentheses
indicate the approximate periods for the respective units.
5.
Tutorials
The
following tutorial activities of 15 hours per group of maximum 24 students
should be conducted to cover all the required contents of this course:
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SN |
Topics |
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1 |
Study drawings of various geological structure |
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2 |
Solve the bore hole/three-point problems |
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3 |
Stereographic projection (plane and pole) |
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4 |
Kinematic analysis of slope stability
(stereographic projection and Hoek-Brown failure criteria) |
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5 |
Interpretation of
topographical, geological and engineering geological maps |
6.
Practical Works (15 hours
for a group of maximum 24 students)
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SN |
Topics |
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1 |
To identify the rock forming minerals |
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2 |
To identify the rocks (Igneous ,sedimentary and
metamorphic) |
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3 |
Interpretation
of topographical map |
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4 |
Solving the problem of geological map |
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5 |
Preparation of engineering geological map |
A three-day fieldwork to provide practical on-site knowledge on
Petrology, Structural geology, Geomorphology, Geo-hazards, River morphology,
Rock mass, and Engineering geological site investigation. Students submit
report after the fieldwork (Attendance in Fieldwork is Compulsory).
7.
Evaluation System
In
addition to the formal exam(s), the internal evaluation of a student may
consist of quizzes, assignments, lab reports, projects, class participation,
etc. The tabular presentation of the internal evaluation is as follows.
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Internal
Evaluation |
Weight |
Marks |
External
Evaluation |
Marks |
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Theory |
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20 |
Semester-End
examination |
50 |
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Attendance
& Class Participation |
10% |
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Assignments |
20% |
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Presentations/Quizzes |
10% |
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Term exam |
60% |
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Practical and
field survey |
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15+15 |
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Attendance
& Participation |
10% |
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Report |
10% |
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Viva |
20% |
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Exam |
60% |
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Total
Internal |
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50 |
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Full Marks:
50 + 50 = 100 |
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Student’s
Responsibilities
Each
student must secure at least 45% marks separately in internal assessment and
practical evaluation with 80% attendance in the class to appear in the Semester
End Examination. Failing to get such score will be given NOT QUALIFIED (NQ) to
appear the Semester-End Examinations. Students are advised to attend all the
classes, formal exams, test, etc. and complete all the assignments within the
specified time period. Students are required to complete all the requirements
defined for the completion of the course.
8.
Prescribed Books and References
Text Book
1. Bell, F. G. (2006). Engineering Geology. 2nd
Edition, Elsevier.
2. Krynine, D., & Judd, W. R. (2005). Principles of
Engineering Geology and Geotechnics. CBS Publishers.
References book
1. Deoja, B., Dhital, M., Wagner, A., & K.B, T.
(1991). Mountain Risk Engineering Handbooks I and II. ICIMOD.
- Dhital, M.R., Geology of the
Nepal Himalaya, Springer International Published, Switzerland, (2015)
- Price, D. (2009). Engineering Geology- Principles and
Practice. (M. H. de Freitas, Ed.) Springer.Hoek, E., and
Brown, E.T. (2019). The Hoek-Brown failure criterion and GSI-2018 edition,
Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 11, 445-463.
- Vallejo,
L.G.de., Ferrer, M., 2011. Geological Engineering, Routledge, Taylor and
Francis Group,