Pokhara University
Faculty of Science and Technology
Course Code: STR 210
Full Marks: 100
Course Title: Strength of Materials (3-2-1)
Pass Marks: 45
Nature of the Course: Theory and Practical
Total Lectures: 45 hours
Level: Bachelor
Program: BE
1. Course Description
This course is designed to develop the competency of the students in the material behavior, stress and strain in structural elements due to external loads and temperature changes.
2. General Objectives
The course is designed to provide fundamental concept on the geometrical properties of different figures, material behavior and strength required to design simple structural members.
3. Methods of Instruction
Lecture, tutorials, discussions, and assignments.
4. Contents in Detail
Specific Objectives
Contents
Unit 1: Axial Forces, Shear Forces and Bending Moment (6 hrs)
- 1.1 Introduction to strength of materials
- 1.2 Determinate and indeterminate structure
- 1.3 The concept of superposition of internal forces due to various combinations of loads
- 1.4 Define axial force, shear force, and bending moments and their relationships.
- 1.5 Draw axial forces, shear forces, and bending moments in diagrams for statically determinate beam and frames.
Unit 2: Geometrical Properties of Section (6 hrs)
- 2.1 Review of center of gravity and Centroid, Radius of gyration and Moment of Inertia of built-up plane figures, Parallel axis Theorem
- 2.2 Polar Moment of Inertia
- 2.3 Product Moment of Inertia
- 2.4 Principle Moment and Principle axes of inertia for built-up plane figures and standard steel sections 2.5 Mohr’s Circle for Principle Moment of Inertia
Unit 3: Direct Stresses and Strains (8 hrs)
- 3.1 Introduction of internal forces, stresses and strains
- 3.2 Stress strain diagrams for ductile and brittle materials
- 3.3 Normal stress-strain, shear stress-strain, Hooke's law, Poisson’s ratio, modulus of elasticity, modulus of rigidity, volumetric strain, bulk modulus and their relationship. Multi-axial loading and generalized Hooke’s Law
- 3.4 Factor of safety and permissible stresses.
- 3.5 Saint-Venant’s principle and stress concentration
- 3.5 Elongation of bars: Uniform/varying cross-sections, tapered section(circular and trapezoidal) due to external axial force
- 3.6 Compound bars subjected to axial force
- 3.7 Thermal stresses: single bar, compound / composite bars
- 3.8 Solving technique for axial indeterminate structure by using compatibility equations
Unit 4: Principal Stresses (5 hrs)
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.3 Stresses on an inclined plane subjected to two mutually perpendicular normal and shear stresses
- 4.4 Principal stresses and their positions
- 4.5 Mohr's circle diagram for principle Stresses
Unit 5: Theory of Flexure (8 hrs)
- 5.1 Introduction to flexure
- 5.2 General case of bending and pure bending, assumptions, elastic curve, radius of curvature, derivation of bending equation.
- 5.3 Bending stress variation, position of neutral axis, sectional modulus, flexural stiffness
- 5.4 Analysis of beams of symmetric cross-section
- 5.4 Analysis of composite beams
- 5.5 Shear stress variation in rectangular and symmetrical I - and T- sections
- 5.6 Concept of slope and deflection in beams, differential equations of deflected shapes, determination of maximum slope and deflection for beams subjected to point load and uniformly distributed load: simply supported beam and cantilever beam
Unit 6: Torsion of Circular Shafts (3 hrs)
- 6.1 Introduction
- 6.2 Assumptions and derivation of torsional equation
- 6.3 Shear stress variation and torsional rigidity
- 6.4 Power transmitted by shaft
- 6.5 Shafts in series and parallel
Unit 7: Thin-Walled Pressure Vessels (3 hrs)
- 7.1 Introduction of thin-walled Vessels
- 7.2 Types of stresses and strains in thin-walled cylindrical and spherical vessels
- 7.3. Calculation of stresses and strains in thin-walled vessels
Unit 8: Column Theory (3 hrs)
- 8.1 Introduction to column and strut
- 8.2 Classification of column based on slenderness ratio
- 8.3 Assumption and derivation of Euler’s Formula
- 8.4 Limitation of Euler’s Formula
- 8.5 Intermediate columns; derivation of column-bucklings
- 8.6 Introduction to slender column
Unit 9: Compound Stresses Failure Theories (3 hrs)
- 9.1 Introduction to different failure theories
- 9.2. Load acting eccentrically to one and both axes
- 9.3. Condition for no tension in the section
5. Laboratories
- Tensile test and stress-stress curve for steel, aluminum, timber, and compressive test in concrete
- Axial and compressive stress determination
- Center of gravity and Moment of Inertia of simple plane lamina
- Simple bending test on beams
- Torsion test on simple shaft
- Test on column behavior and buckling
6. Tutorials (30 hrs.)
- Determination of stability, determinacy, and indeterminacy of structures
- Derivation and numerical based problems on axial force, shear force, and bending moment for beams and frames
- Derivation and numerical based problems on geometrical properties of 2-D and 3-D figures
- Determination of stresses and strains on regular and irregular structural members due to external forces, self-weight, and temperature change
- Derivation and numerical based problems on principal stresses and strains
- Derivation and numerical based problems on flexure and deformation of beams
- Derivation and numerical based problems on circular shafts due to torsion
- Derivation and numerical based problems on thin-walled vessels
- Derivation and numerical based problems on columns
- Derivation and numerical based problems on compound stresses and failure theories
7. Evaluation System and Students’ Responsibilities
Evaluation System
In addition to the formal exam(s), the internal evaluation of a student may consist of quizzes, assignments, lab reports, projects, class participation, etc. The tabular presentation of the internal evaluation is as follows:
Internal Evaluation
| Weight | Marks |
|---|---|
| Theory | 30 |
| Attendance & Class Participation | 10% of Total |
| Assignments | 20% of Total |
| Presentations/Quizzes | 10% of Total |
| Internal Assessment | 60% of Total |
External Evaluation
| Weight | Marks |
|---|---|
| Practical | 20 |
| Semester-End Examination | 50 |
| Attendance & Class Participation | 10% of Total |
| Lab Report/Project Report | 20% of Total |
| Practical Exam/Project Work | 40% of Total |
| Viva | 30% of Total |
Total Internal Marks: 50
Full Marks: 50 + 50 = 100
Student’s Responsibilities
Each student must secure at least 45% marks separately in internal assessment and practical evaluation with 80% attendance in the class in order to appear in the Semester End Examination. Failing to get such a score will be given NOT QUALIFIED (NQ) to appear the Semester-End Examinations. Students are advised to attend all the classes, formal exams, tests, etc., and complete all the assignments within the specified time period. Students are required to complete all the requirements defined for the completion of the course.
8. Prescribed Books and References
Text Books
- R. K. Rajput. Strength of Materials (Mechanics of Solids), S. Chand, New Delhi
References
- G.B. Motra. A textbook of strength of materials, Heritage Publishers & Distributors Pvt. Ltd
- Timoshenko and Gere ‘Mechanics of Materials”
- Beer F.P. and E.R. Johnston “Mechanics of Materials and Structures
- E. P. Popov. Mechanics of Materials, 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi,1989
- S. S. Vavikatti. Strength of Materials, Vikas Publication, New Delhi
- G. H. Ryder. Strength of Materials, 3rd Edition, Macmilliam, ELBS, 1985
- R. K Bansal. A textbook of strength of materials, Laxmi publication, New Delhi
- S. P. Timoshenko & D. H. Young. Elements of Strength of Materials, 5th Edition, East West Press Pvt. Ltd., 1987
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